Orphan Stories Essay - 4714 Words

Orphan Stories Throughout our lives we move from one story to the next. Whether we are listeners, readers or writers â€Å"we live our lives immersed in stories.’ From the many stories we encounter, both fiction and non-fiction, the orphan figure stands out as one of the most prominent figures in literature. Orphan figures have prevailed in the literary arena for centuries, from ancient poetry, folktales, and myths to modern day novels. This constant reoccurrence of the orphan figure in literature emphasizes the need to understand the significance attached to it. However, according to the editors of Bastardy and its Comparative History literatures great interest on the orphan figure is poorly reflected in literary criticism. It is further†¦show more content†¦------- notes that the orphan figure shed its untamed and negative representation of the past and entered the developing novel as a heroic figure in eighteenth century English novel.(ck article). The establishment of orphan as heroic figure in eighteenth century literature is commonly associated with the dawn of the enlightenment and romanticism in the eighteenth century. Furthermore, the socio-historic explanation correlates the increasing philanthropic gestures for example the establishing of foundling hospitals and the increased attention on the child with the rise in positive orphan figures in literature. This literary revolution was perceived as a reflection of the rise in the care and protection of orphaned and abandoned children, in other words an expression of social concern. This study is committed to the eighteenth century English novel because this was when the literary orphan came to be celebrated as a heroic figure in English literature, thus marking a notable departure from earlier representations of the orphan. This socio-historical commentary is valid however; it disregards the fact that the novels are not accurate portrayals of society. 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Analysis Of Goodwill Impairments And Their Effects On...

Analysis of Goodwill Impairments and Their Effects on Financial Statements The impairment-only accounting model for goodwill was initially brought to the table in 2004, to replace the previous amortization-based model. Over the years, research supported the idea that impairment charges improved the fundamental economic attributes of goodwill than systematic amortization charges. Research also revealed that such annual changes had minor information value to users. According to KPMG (2014), this was the key reason why the US Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) â€Å"replaced straight-line amortization of goodwill with this model that was based exclusively on impairment testing† (p. 4). The FASB argued that this approach provides†¦show more content†¦After the value is determined, if the goodwill’s fair value is less than the carrying value, the goodwill is considered â€Å"impaired† and must be charged off. Essentially, the charge off reduces the value of goodwill to market value, reflecting a â€Å"mark-to-market† charge. Essentially, goodwill is the â€Å"value of an asset that is considered intangible but has a quantifiable prudent value in a business (Boundless, 2014).† An example of goodwill could be the reputation a firm has with its client. It is important to remember that although goodwill is technically an intangible asset, it typically is listed separately on a business balance sheet. Goodwill impairments under SFAS 142, has been the subject of many controversies. Opponents worry that specific aspects of the standard â€Å"are complicated and require judgment (Boundless, 2014). † Therefore, a goodwill impairment charge has the ability to increase the uncertainty of the analysts forecasting. 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Preserving Our Earth Essay Example For Students

Preserving Our Earth Essay Preserving Our EarthAmericas endangered areas are deplinishing daily. Natural disastersare a major factor in their disappearance, but the most prominent factor ismankind. Even though procedures are conducted daily to preserve our home, theseareas slowly crumble within our grasps. Protection of these areas is essential,as our whole race depends upon resources derived from these lands. From the lush greenery to the sparkling blue waters, all is majestic inits fullest. This is why I believe almost all of these wonderful places shouldbe preserved. Mankind has come too far to throw it all away for his greedypurposes. Many believe that our secluded wildlife areas should be available forthe public. But what is to be offered through this? Many recreationalactivities I presume, but what about our biggest environmental concern pollution. Pollution is so widespread throughout our world that it is overwhelming. Drinking water supplies are contaminated with runoff from nearby factories andeven with pollutants from our own backyards. Demands of skyscrapers andcondominiums wipe out our decreasing rainforests. This drudges wildlife fromits natural home and into the havoc that is ours. Millions of acres ofbeautiful land are destroyed daily to satisfy the needs of mankind. But has anyone contemplated the needs of our wildlife? When their homesare incinerated, where do they run for shelter? Where will wildlife obtain itsfood and oxygen if the sources are gone? Not much is done about our destructiveways, we sit back and let money and greed take power. The solution is just awhisper away. The preserved areas should remain untouched. Hunting should beoutlawed in these protected lands. If a family is starving and has to resort tothis brutal deed, then restricted areas should be permitted. Proper usage oftrash and recycling receptacles should be readily available. Rivers should betested and guarded for the sake of our future and our children. These simpleguidelines can be easily followed through education of the general population. More people should volunteer their time through river, land, and beach clean-ups. These small measures can save our endangered population drastically. If weloose our worlds natural resources, where will we turn?Social Issues

The Ongoing Struggle For A Family Essay Example For Students

The Ongoing Struggle For A Family Essay The Ongoing Struggle for a FamilyThe most important thing in a family is that all the people in it love each other. This excerpt is from a childrens book, written by Leslea Newman, Called Heather HasTwo Mommies. This story is intended to show kids that not everyones family is thesame. Many reasons are given to dispute gay and lesbian parenting but all founded onsome of the archaic beliefs that Hitler used to kill homosexuals during W.W.II, fear andprejudice! Although having children and being parents seems like a basic human right orchoice, many people believe that the government should have the authority todiscriminate who can are cannot have children, regardless of their parenting skills. Some say that it is unnatural for gay and lesbians to have children because theyhave to go to such extremes to have them (Oppos ..199). It is kind of ironic because ithas become mainstream for heterosexual couples that are determined infertile to useartificial insemination, adoption, and even invi tro-fertilization, and when one of theseprocedures is successful the couple is said to have had a miracle, while the gay or lesbiancouple is said to be fanatical. Lesbian couples may use sperm banks, or they may becomecoparents with a gay couple that also wishes to have children. In these cases the child has4 loving and nurturing parents instead of the standard 2. Noom 2Another opposing view is that all gays and lesbians are sexually promiscuous,therefore have HIV/AIDS, and their relationships are not stable enough to have children(Oppos..199). Lesbians and gays love and form deep and lasting commitments just likeheterosexuals. To claim otherwise is to declare that lesbians and gays are somehow nothuman and ignore the reality of their lives, (New Civil..125) Laws and social viewsseem be conflicted on what they want because they say gay/lesbian relationships are notstable, but than deny them the right to marry, therefore through laws and legislation theare not promoting the behavior that they seem to require. HIV/AIDS is a horrible diseaseand truthfully is a major concern in the gay community, but it is because of thestereotypes, lack of education, and knowledge about the disease itself that this diseasewas able to attack many gay males. Although HIV/AIDS is a concern for people ingeneral the number of lesbian women with it is almost non-existent. Does this mean thatheterosexual couples that have HIV/AIDS are not having children? No, countless articlescan be found about drug using prostitutes that give birth to a baby with HIV and stillretains custody. While in 1997, a women named Sharon Bottoms loses her child inVirginia to her mother for being gay, active lesbianism practiced in the home may pose aburden upon the child by reason of Social Condemnation attached to such anarrangement the state Supreme Court stated (issues..36). All hope is not lost though, inJune of 1997 an Ohio appeals court upheld that, sexual orientation alone, has norelevance to a decision concerning the allocation of parental rights and responsibilities,(Issues..37)Many people believe that gays and lesbians shouldnt have kids because the childwill be molested and/or be mal adjusted as a youth and adult. Lesbians and gays areinherently sick and prey on children. Giving them custody of children opens thosechildren up to sexual abuse. They cannot raise healthy children, (Oppos..199). Noom 3The statistics certainly do not support these statements, Adults who sexually molestchildren are a diverse group. No one race, religion level of intelligence, level ofeducation, occupation, or income sets perpetrators apart from the rest of the population,(New Civil.. 78). One thing is clear, most often a child molester is a heterosexual malewho is acquainted with the victim (New Civil..78). Others believe that a child of ahomosexual is most likely going to be a homosexual, and even if they are not they willhave a hard time growing up due to the teasing and stereotypes of their classm ates andcommunity. Studies have proved these beliefs false, Although studies have assessedover 300 offspring of gay or lesbian parents in 12 different samples, no evidence has beenfound for significant disturbances of any kind in the development of sexual identity. they go on to say that, the same held true for moral development, intelligence, and peerrelationships, (New Civil..132). Like all children, kids from gay and lesbian familyshave .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a , .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a .postImageUrl , .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a , .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a:hover , .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a:visited , .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a:active { border:0!important; } .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a:active , .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u53ae6c92048f51ebb1711320cdd5770a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Personal Identity Essay We will write a custom essay on The Ongoing Struggle For A Family specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

Critically analyse the ruling of the House of Lords in Howe [1987] 1 AC 417 that duress is not a defence to murder. The WritePass Journal

Critically analyse the ruling of the House of Lords in Howe [1987] 1 AC 417 that duress is not a defence to murder. Introduction Critically analyse the ruling of the House of Lords in Howe [1987] 1 AC 417 that duress is not a defence to murder. IntroductionMain BodyConclusionBibliography Related Introduction It will be critically analysed in this study whether the ruling of the House of Lords in Howe [1987] 1 AC 417 was acceptable and whether the notion that duress is not a defence to murder should continue to apply. Various academic opinion will be analysed and a review as to whether some change ought to be made will be considered. Thus, it will be demonstrated that although duress should not be a complete defence to murder, it should be a partial defence as there are some situations which lead to injustice on the basis that this defence is not available to them.[1] Main Body Duress is a common law defence that seeks to protect individuals that have been forced or compelled to commit a crime. The defence of duress provides an exception to the rule that a person shall be held responsible for any crimes they commit on the basis that they had not done so voluntarily. As the defence is open to abuse, caution needs to be taken by the Courts when allowing the defence to be submitted. Accordingly, restrictions are needed to ensure that the level of threat the defendant has been subjected to is not menial. Hence, as noted by Spain; the defence of duress fails to recognise the reality that one will not need to be subjected to a specific type or level of threat for ones will to be overborne.[2] Furthermore, it is also important that the crime is not disproportionate to the threat in order for this defence to prove successful. This will prevent an abuse of the defence from occurring as individuals will not be able to take advantage of the defence in all circumstance s. An example of this can be seen in relation to murder where the defence of duress is not generally accepted by the Courts. This is because, it is difficult to persuade the Court that a person has been forced or compelled into committing a crime when the harm that has been caused, is greater than the harm that has been threated. In deciding whether a defendant can use this defence, nonetheless, the Courts will have to use the proportionality test, which is both subjective and objective. In R v Howe[3] it was held that a jury should consider whether; a) the defendant acted in this way because he honestly believed that his life was in immediate danger; and b) a reasonable person of the same characteristics of the defendant would have acted in the same way. Here, it was, nonetheless, found that duress could not be a defence to murder. This decision has been the subject of much controversy over the years with conflicting views as to whether the defence of duress should in fact apply to mur der.[4] On the one hand, it is believed by Shankland that duress should serve as a valid defence to murder on the basis that a murder which has been committed as a result of duress should be distinguished from a murder that was pre-meditated.[5] On the other hand, it was said by Toczek that defendants should not be able to rely upon the duress defence for murder as this could not be deemed a reasonable belief as required by the Court in Howe.[6] Accordingly, it would be difficult to establish that a persons belief to commit murder was reasonable on the basis that they were subjected to duress. The Court in the more recent case of R v Hasan[7] agreed with the Howe decision and made it even more difficult for the defence of duress to be successfully raised in all criminal cases. Here, it was argued that rather than merely finding that the defendant had a reasonable belief, it must be shown that they had an actual belief in the efficacy of the threat which compelled the defendant to commit the act. Arguably, it became apparent from this decision that rather than defendants demonstrating that they had a reasonable belief, they are now required to show that the reasonable belief was also a genuine one. The Law Commission have also expressed their concerns as to whether duress should apply to murder and have considered including duress as a partial defence to murder.[8] This would mean that first degree murder could be reduced to second degree murder, whilst second degree murder could be reduced to manslaughter. Whilst this would provide some protection to those individuals who have genuinely feared for their own or families life in committing the crime, it would prevent the scope being broadened too far. Accordingly, it has been said that moral involuntariness should be excused and that regardless as to what crime the defendant had committed, duress should be capable of being used as a defence.[9] Hence, it is said that the defendants fear or lack of courage should be given due c onsideration as these are central to the rational of the defendant. Conclusion Overall, it is evident that there are mixed opinions as to whether duress should be used as a defence to murder, yet whether this would broaden the scope too far is likely. This is because the defence would most likely be open to abuse if it could be used in circumstances such as this. Individuals would be capable of demonstrating that they had been subjected to duress in order to escape criminal liability for murder. This would be unjust in many situations as it cannot be said that the life of a human being is proportionate to a threat that has been made. Nevertheless, in order to ensure that complete liability is not imposed upon defendants in circumstances where they genuinely feared for their life, it could be said that duress should be used as a partial defence to murder. This would prevent defendants from completely escaping liability, yet it would provide the Courts with some leeway when considering certain cases that would require a defence, such as domestic violence victims. Bibliography Books E Spain., The Role of Emotions in Criminal Law Defences: Duress, Necessity and Lesser Evils, (Cambridge University Press, 2011). The Law Commission., Murder, Manslaughter and Infanticide: Project 6 of the Ninth Programme of Law Reform; Homicide, (The Stationary Office, 2006). Journals G Williams., Necessity: Duress of Circumstances or Moral Involuntariness? Common Law World Review, Volume 43, Issue 1, 1. L Toczek., A Case of Duress The New Law Journal, Volume 155, Issue 7173, 612. M Sorarajah., Duress and Murder in Commonwealth Criminal Law (1981) The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Volume 30, No 3, 660-661. R Shankland., Duress and the Underlying Felony (2009) Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, Volume 99, Issue 1227. Cases R v Hasan [2005] UKHL 22 R v Howe [1987] 1 AC 417

Hunters in the Snow by Tobias Wolff Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hunters in the Snow by Tobias Wolff - Essay Example But in "Hunters in the Snow", lies, betrayal and insensitivity have overshadowed the good aspects of one another. This situation is played out in a snowy surrounding, as if the whiteness of the place makes a stark background to the evil that's brewing among the three friends. Each of the three buddies tries to look for a deer to shoot, each not really keen on doing so, and this accounts so much for their failure (other hunters as told in the story would have their deer "strapped to the hoods" of their jeeps and cars) as not having seen a deer to shoot. Tub, the first character introduced in the story is a sensitive person who battles a gluttony problem and hides it with apparent efforts to diet. Sensitivity in a person, though a positive trait makes that person vulnerable to others and makes him violent at times. Tub fires off at a Kenny for shooting at old dog after their failure to shoot any deer, "What did he ever do to you" Both Frank and Kenny, rib him for being fat, knowing that "Nobody knows. That's the worst of it, Frank. Not the being fat, I never got any big kick out of being thin, but the lying. Having to lead a double life like a spy or a hit man. Like when I make a big deal about only having an orange for breakfast and then scarf all the way to work. Oreos, Mars Bars, Twinkies. Sugar Babies. Snickers". And when Tub shoots Kenny, out of weakness and fear that he would end up like the unfortunate dog, he could only say, "I had to". Among the three friends, Frank probably has the capacity to be understanding about the extreme sides of his two friends - Tub's sensitivity and Kenny's toughness. Instead, this insight to the truth made him perverted and manipulative. When Tub was horrified with Frank's confirmation of an affair with a fifteen-year old girl, he makes for a philosophical pitch against conformity, "You can't just put people into categories like that, Tub. That's why the whole system is wrong. And that's why this country is going to hell in a rowboat." Frank even likens his young girlfriend with Shakespeare's Juliet, an indication of his intellectual capacity "Fifteen. She'll be sixteen in May. May fourth, three twenty-seven p.m. Hell, Tub, a hundred years ago she'd have been an old maid by that age. Juliet was only thirteen." Frank also pitches for Tub's sympathy for his relationship trouble and to appease his guilt towards his plans of leaving his wife. He does by taking advantage of Tub's food weakne ss - and succeeds because Tub also needs Frank to expiate himself from shooting their friend. The two takes their time at another roadhouse, not really in a hurry to carry their bleeding friend to a hospital. Instead, Frank orders Tobias Wolff's's "Hunters in the Snow" platefuls of pancakes, butter and syrup to further corrupt Tub and make him an accomplice in his deceit. When at the end, and on the wheel, he says "I'm going to the hospital" to the bleeding Kenny's hope of making it alive - he commits the final betrayal, with Tub's connivance. Kenny, the apparent

Case Analysis of CUP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Case Analysis of CUP - Essay Example As an advisor to Derrick Westmuller, I would gladly advice him to use the CCC or Customer Care Center. A company won’t be able to function once the flow of the customer is not good. So it is just to protect the interest, satisfaction and happiness of the customer. With this great idea, many issues will be settled and would be very helpful for the company. Though at the start, this may be tough for every branch to adopt with, the expected result is very profitable for them. In fact there will be less work for the agent and the name of company will receive good feed backs. Remember that it is not the name of the Manager, members of the board or the agents, names that are on stake but the name of the company. It is true that most clients inquire on the same issues commonly normal issues. The price or fee that people pay in acquiring contacts from the insurance company is already expected or predicted but certain matters like not being contented with the service given by the agent and not giving immediate action to complains are very critical for the company. There may be a lot of negative speculations that may come from other employees of the firm but the focus must still be in the whole company and for its good. It may be that it can create undesirable misunderstanding between the duties of the agents and the call center employees if there would be specification of work.